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[ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
Michael Meier-Brugger
Indo-European Linguistics
In cooperation with Matthias Fritz and Manfred Mayrhofer
Translated by Charles Gertmenian
Waiter de Gruyter . Berlin' New York
2003
Michael Meier�Briigger holds the Chair in Comparative and Indo�European Linguistics
at the Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Matthias Frit: is Research Fellow in the Department of Comparative and Indo-Euro�
pean Linguistics at the Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Man/red Mayrho/er is Emeritus Professor of Comparative and Indo-European Linguis�
tics at the University of Vienna, Austria.
Contents
Univerzitna kniznica
V
Bratislave
I I
1
1 1
11
1
1
1
1
1
11
1
1
1
1
1
11
1
1
1
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*1800256290*
Contents
..................................................................................................
V
Preface to the Seventh German Edition (2000) ...................................... IX
,
Preface to the Eighth German Edition (2002) ...................................... XIIl
Preface to the English Translation of the Eighth German Edition ........... XV
3
o
)
Terminology, Symbols, Abbreviations ............................................... XVII
1.
Terminology ........................................................................... XVII
2. Symbols, Writing Conventions, Citing Conventions ............... XVIII
3.
Abbreviations
..............................................................
.
...........
I
I. Introduction
..............................•..........................................................
1
A. The Field and its Study
...................................................................
1
@
Printed on acid�free paper which falls within the guidelines
or
the ANSI to ensure permanence
and durability,
B. Indo-European Linguistics in the Age of the PC and the Intenet
....
6
C. A Word on the History ofIndo-European Linguistics
..................... 9
ISBN
3-1 1-017433-2
D.
Overview of the Indo-European Lguages and their Sources
......
17
1.
General Information
....................................................................
17
2. The Individual lE Language Families and their Sources
...............
18
E. The Reconstruction of Pro to-In do-European
................................
41
1.
Examples of Reconstruction
.............................................
.
.........
41
2. Fundamentals of Reconstruction
........................................
.
........
56
3.
The Time, Place, and Culture of the Proto-Indo-Europeans
........
63
Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibfiolhek
Die Deulsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografic;
detailed bibliographic data is available on the Internet at
<http://dnb.ddb.de>.
©
Copyright 2003 by Waiter de Gruyter GmbH
&
Co. KG, D-I0785 Berlin
All rights reserved, including those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this
book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval
system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Cover design: Hansbend Lindemann, Berlin
Printing and Binding: WB�Druck, Rieden am Forggensce
Printed in Germany
.nL
n
. Proto-Indo-European Phonology ...................................................... 71
A. General
Information
.............................................
..
......................
71
Unlve-,
Itna
kn
,
.
, # ••
_.
B
ATI�LAV
VI
Contents
C
ontents
VII
B.
Proto-Indo-European Vowels
..................
.
...........
.
........................
75
D.
Prono
uns
....................................................................................
224
I. Vowels
.................................................................... · ..................
75
I
.
General Information
..................................................................
.224
2. Semivowels
.................................
.
.............................
.
...........
.
....
85
2.
Personal and Possessive Pronouns
..........
.
.................................
. 225
3. Diphthongs
................................................
.
...........
.
....................
91
3.
Interrogative and Indenite Pronouns
...................................
..
...
227
C. Proto-Indo-European Consonants
................................................
96
I.
Liquids and Nasals
......................................................................
96
4.
Relatives, Demonstratives, and Pronominals
..............................
228
5.
Correlative Pronouns
.................................................................
231
2. Continuants s (and
>?)
..
.............
.
..
..
..
.
.
..........................
.
.......
.
....
102
E.
Numerals
...............................
.
.....................................................
231
3. Lngeals
..........
.
.............
.
...
.
..................................
.
.................
106
I
.
General Information
...................................................................
231
4. Occlusives
.................................................................................
124
2.
Cardinal Numbers
......................................................................
232
5. Dentals
................................................................... · .. · .... · ..........
126
3.
Ordinal Numbers
.................................
................
.....................
.236
6.
Labials
.......................................................................................
128
4.
Numerical Adverbs
....................................................................
236
7. Tectals
............................................................................... · .......
129
8. Assimilations and Dissimilations
.....
.
.....
.
................
.
...................
136
D. Larger Phonetic Unities
..............................................................
140
I.
Word, Sentence, Text
........
.
...............
..
...
.
.
.................
.
.............
.
.
140
IV.
Proto-Indo-European Syntax, prepared by M. Fritz
........................
238
A. General Information
........................
.
.......................................
.
...
238
2. Accent; Word-initial, Word-final and Sandhi Phenomena
...........
141
3. Syllable
.....
.
................................................................................
142
4. Ablaut
.......................................................................................
144
5. Accent
..........................
.
............................................................
152
B.
Sentence Syntax
..................................
.
....
.
..................................
242
I. General Information
......................................................
.
...
.
........
242
2. Parataxis and Hypotaxis
.............................................................
244
3.
Verbal and Nominal Phrases
...........................
..
.........................
247
C. Verbal Morphosyntax
......
.
...........................................................
25
I
Ill. Proto-Indo-European Morphology
.............
.
...................................
159
A. General Information
...........................
.
........................................
1
59
I. General Information
...................................................................
25 I
2.
Person and Number
.......
.
..............................
..
.......................
..
..
25 I
3. Tense-Aspect and Mood
........
.
...................................................
252
B.
Verbs
..........................................................................................
163
4. Diathesis
....................................................................................
259
I.
General Information
................
.
..................................................
163
2. Verbal Stem Formation
...........................................................
..
.
164
3.
The Verb Ending
......................................
.
.............................
.
.
.
178
4. The Augment..
...........................................................................
182
5.
Verbal Accent..
..........................................................................
183
6. In finitive Verb Forms
.................................................................
184
D. Noal
Mophontx
...............................................................
261
I.
Nominal Properties
......................
.
.
...
.
.....
.
..................................
261
a
) Case
......
.
.................................................
.
...............
.
...........
261
b
) Numer
...............................................................................
274
c
) Gender
.......................................................................
..
.......
275
7.
Paraphrastic Constructions
........................................................
186
V.
The
Proto-Indo-European Lexicon
..................................................
277
C. Nouns and Adjectives
...........
.
................
.
...
.
....
..
.
.
.........................
1
87
I. General Information
...................................................................
187
2.
Nominal Stem Formation
...........................................................
193
3.
Nominal Endings
.......................................................................
195
4. Ilection Paradigms and their Ablaut Classes
............................
20
I
5. Formal Characteristics of the Adjective
...
.
..................................
218
A.
General
Information
.........
.
.....
.
..
.
........
.
........................................
277
B
.
Word
Formation
............................
.
...
.
.........................................
280
I.
General Information
.......................................
.
...............
.
...........
280
�.
Word
Formation
Using Suixes; Sufix Systems
.....
..
......
.
...
.
......
281
.
Word
Formation by Composition
....
..
...
.
............................
.
........
291
VIII
Contents
C. The Lexicon of Nmes
......
.
...................................................
.
...
.
.
294
I.
General Infonnation
......................................
.
...
.
....
..
...
.
..............
294
2.
Names of Persons and Deities
....................................................
295
3.
Formation of Place Names
......................................................... 298
Preface to the Seventh German Edition (2000)
VI. Bibliography and Key to Reference Citations
...
.
...
.
....
.
...
.
.................
301
Tbe ield of Indo-European linguistics has een represented in the
Sammlung Goschen (SG)
1
for a long time. Rudolf Meringer, author of the
st
treatise, was a professor at the University of Vienna at the time of the
first edition and at the University of Graz at the time of the third. The rst
edition
'
comprised the following parts: Section
I,
'The Science of Lan­
guage and its Developments"; Section
2,
"The Indo-European Lan­
guages"; Section
3,
'The Proto-Indo-European Language" (with accen­
tuation, phonology and morphology); and Section
4,
"Culture and Geo­
graphical Origin of the Indo-Europeans." Pages
I
through
66
were
printed in Fraktur. The second edition,
J
was not altered. For the third
revised edition,
VII. Index
..........................................................................................
.374
in the second main section, a subsection
n
on rules of
pronunciation was added and the fourth chapter evolved into one of the
main sections. Further, a section on abbreviations was added to the end.
4
Soon ater the Second World War, Hans Krahe was engaged as a new
author at the publishing house. He had been a professor at the University
of Wiirzburg at the time of the publication of his first edition; at the time
of the publication of the second edition, he was a professor in Heidelberg.
Since the publication of s third edition, he has een at the University of
Tiibingen. The first Krahe edition
'
includes: Part
I,
"The Indo-European
Language Group"; Part
2,
"Phonetics"; and Part
3,
"Morphology." The
second edition' was unchanged. The third edition was revised in two vol­
umes. The first of these,
Inroduction and Phonoloy,
'
includes: Part
I,
"General Infonnation" and Pt
2,
"Phonology." The second volume
'
treats
Mopholoy.
The fourth edition was a revision of these volumes:
'
F
'
3
1897
(SO 59) 136 pages.
4
1899
(SO 59) 136 pages.
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